Sunday, September 9, 2012

A Brief History of the Muslim Brotherhood


How does the West in general and the United States in particular see and deal with this movement? The Muslim Brotherhood, the best known and widespread movement in the Arab and Muslim World. Al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun, as they are called in Arabic, was founded in 1928 by Hassan al-Banna, a 22-year-old elementary school teacher and social reformer from Egypt. Al-Banna came from a well educated family in al-shari'a, the Muslim law. Hassan al-Banna was inspired by and belonged to a Sufi movement. Looking at western superior economic, technological and military power, 'Abduh was shocked by decline of a once powerful Arab and Muslim community, al-ummah. Modern Muslims need to imitate early "pious predecessor" or "al-salaf al-saleh," who practiced a correct form of Islam. He mainly advocated education as the basis to redirect Muslim and to bridge the gap between Islam with modernity. Jamal al-Din al-Afghani shared most of 'Abdu's philosophy and teachings. Al-Afghani was raised in Iran, but it was in Cairo that he began his political activism. This spiritual ideology had a mission to combat social decadence and religious ineptness. It was due to al-Banna's charismatic leadership that new recruits joined its ranks.
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